Organizational culture expresses the values and beliefs that are practiced within a business for a long period. According to “Meng and Berger, 2019“, the culture of an organization refers to an employee’s beliefs and the anticipated value of his/her work that will impact his behaviour and attitudes. The study of “Bowers, Hall, and Srinivasan, 2017” discusses that administrators mainly adjust their behaviour regarding leadership to fulfill the organization’s mission, and this directly influences the job satisfaction of the employees. So, it is necessary to understand the link between leadership behaviour, organizational culture, and employee job satisfaction.

Culture is learned as well as transmitted socially by members, and it gives the rules or structures for behavior within an organization. On the other hand, the main value of a company begins with its management and leadership. This value later evolved as a style of leadership. Subordinates and employees will be guided by these attitudes of leaders and values. When powerful unified behaviour or attitude, beliefs, and values have been established, then a powerful organizational culture appears or emerges. Managers and leaders have to cherish their function in controlling a company’s culture.

1.2 A summary of key developments in the field

The researchers with the strenuous and laborious process have suggested various spectrums which defined the current perception of organisational culture and its apparent impact on the key tasks and responsibilities of the management. For example, organisational culture and professional culture combined contribute to 61.33% of all business decisions in a single organisational domain. Secondly, the presence of cultural awareness is always in a shift as this process is a static one. This is one way of addressing the ever-changing landscape of the cultural dimensions. Lastly, an organisation with its management policies and regulations can influence the ways in which organisational culture can be assessed and implemented.

1.3 Significance of the study

Multiple researchers have studied the impact of organizational culture on management and leadership; however, the scope for more research is always there because of the continuous changes in the business world. Organizational culture is highly influenced by current situations, and so it is highly important to understand the correlation between culture and leadership as cam help to analyse new strategies and policies.

2.0 Purpose of the study

This current study intends to present a contextual analysis of the impact of organisational culture and its impact on the managerial practices and integrity of John Lewis and Partners. John Lewis has always been known as a company that promotes cultural diversity and also promotes a positive professional culture. This study will explore these assumptions more theoretically.

3.0 Methodology

3.1 Research approach

The research approach which would be chosen in this research could be described in detail. While the study has aimed to explore the impact and influence of the organisational culture on the management and leadership of the organisation, the research approach would be based on the data collection and data collection (Kothari, 2004). The present research would collect the data through primary sources. The managers and the partners within the organisation would be chosen as the participant, and the data collection would be done through an interview. As it is risky to collect data from door-to-door surveys due to the situation of Covid 19, the interview is done through email and interview questions. The collection of the data should be qualitative, and the research would follow the deductive approach as it would allow the researcher the freedom to analyse the data (Mohajan, 2020).

3.2 Research methods

The research method in the present research would be the interview through some predetermined questions. To determine the effect of the organisational culture within the organisation, John Lewis, the interview should be done with the leaders and the managers within the organisation, and the medium of the interview would be the email (Mohajan, 2020). The interested candidates should be sent a copy of the interview questions, and the answers would be collected within a scheduled time.

3.3 Possible problems or limitations

The research which is to be conducted can face some problems and may have certain limitations which can affect the study to some extent. Firstly, the research would be done on the basis of the interview questions through email, and the detailed interview is not possible, which can affect the quality of the study (Kothari, 2004). Secondly, the study has considered the primary data only, which would be collected through interviews. If the collection of data from the existing literature regarding organisational culture and leadership was done, the study would have been more compact.

4.0 Anticipated outcomes

If the research process goes unhindered and all the resource requirements are met, this research can allow for a greater understanding of how individual companies and especially MNCs manage their internal management and work culture. The influence of this culture on the management and leadership will help explain various ways in which John Lewis has operated and continues to operate. The outcomes and their variations might be seen in the following manner-

John Lewis has a management system that promotes positive organisational culture.
There might be some form of irregularity in the way the implementation of this cultural preference is done.
The present cultural preferences allow positive inclusion of leadership and the management.
Some recommendations which can make the organisational culture in John Lewis more refined and streamlined

Apart from these, the outcomes might also show how the company might integrate theoretical and academic findings in its active practices.

5.0 Ethical considerations

There are various ethical considerations to be done within the scope of this study. First, this research process does not allow for on foot sampling as all of the data collection process will be enabled by online responses. The research affirms that the research will follow the below ethical guidelines-

The researcher will communicate all the requirements of the research process to the respondents, and they will be made aware of their inclusion beforehand.
All the data collected under this research process will be done as per the University data guidelines. (Research-Methodology, 2020)
No form of pressure will be put on the respondents in regards to their involvement, and they will be free to leave the process if they think so.
As this is a social study, the research will not be handling any tool or material which might pose a physical threat to the respondents.

Reference list

Books

Kothari, C.R., 2004. Research methodology: Methods and techniques. India: New Age International.

Journals

Mahajan, H., 2020. Qualitative research methodology in social sciences and related subjects. Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People, [online] 7(1), pp.23-48. Available at: <https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=640546> [Accessed 8 November 2020].

Meng, J. and Berger, B., 2019. The impact of organizational culture and leadership performance on PR professionals’ job satisfaction: Testing the joint mediating effects of engagement and trust. Public Relations Review, [online] 45(1), pp.64-75. Available at: <https://farapaper.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Fardapaper-The-impact-of-organizational-culture-and-leadership-performance-on-PR-professionals%E2%80%99-job-satisfaction-Testing-the-joint-mediating-effects-of-engagement-and-trust.pdf> [Accessed 8 November 2020].

Bowers, H., Hall, J. and Srinivasan, M., 2017. Organizational culture and leadership style: The missing combination for selecting the right leader for effective crisis management. Business Horizons, [online] 60(4), pp.551-563. Available at: <https://fardapaper.ir/mohavaha/uploads/2017/11/Organizational-culture-and-leadership-style-The-missing-combination-for-selecting-the-right-leader-for-effective-crisis-management.pdf> [Accessed 8 November 2020].

Websites

Research-Methodology, 2020. Ethical Considerations – Research Methodology. [online] Research-Methodology. Available at: <https://research-methodology.net/research-methodology/ethical-considerations/#:~:text=Ethical%20Considerations%20can%20be%20specified,important%20parts%20of%20the%20research.&text=Research%20participants%20should%20not%20be,participants%20prior%20to%20the%20study.> [Accessed 8 November 2020].

THE IMPACT AND INFLUENCE OF ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE ON MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP

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1.0 Background and rationale

1.1 A short literature review