Topic 1 Role of the United Nations: This international organization deals with maintaining peace and security. It consists of a Security Council in charge of investigating any possible disputes that may erupt to prevent it from affecting international peace. The Council may use negotiation skills to solve the problems, a judicial appeal, meditate the two parties in conflict, or use an arbitration method.
The UN has a Peacekeeping Forces that is used to bring peace to any fighting countries. The UN members are forming this Force by bringing up their military troops. However, this UN Peacekeeping Force body faces a shortage of funds, which is due to its member states not paying their membership fee.
The UN contains several organs that deal with specific roles. The Security Council also recommends for the admission of new members in the organization. In case of anything, the Council takes military action against the attacker. It also decides on what action should be taken in case of a threat. The UN then helps by creating conditions to allow two parties to settle or bring up peace in both countries.
UN also supports human rights so that everyone has got the right to life and is given security. It also protects slavery as this is against human rights and no human trafficking. It also supports that all humans are born equally, and so they should live like one family. It states that everyone has the right to nationality and own property.
The UN also gives aid to the affected countries that are beyond relief. This may include national disasters, or it can be due to war. It also helps in solving international problems social or economic problems. The UN also maintains justice and respect for any treaties that are held within member states. However, the organization also faces some challenges, such as the threat to human security, poverty, and diseases. There are also conflicts from different states. Rising cases in terrorism have also affected the organization, whereby some countries have got some dangerous weapons.
Topic 2: Tariffs- this refers to the tax paid from imports. They are used to maintain import prices against any rise of goods purchased from other countries. This helps International Trade in addition to commodities hence reducing their cost due to competition. Domestic consumers are paying these tariffs; hence the price of imported commodities can be increased.
However, this tax is collected by Customs and Border Protection. This tax is being paid by domestic consumers and not from foreign countries’ exports. Particularly tariffs are used to protect new industries from competition against competitive industries. Common tariffs include specific tariffs, Ad Valorem tariffs, Licenses, Import quotas, Voluntary export restraints, local content requirements.
An increase in imports will increase government revenue. This will benefit domestic industries from a reduction in competition. To consumers, when the import price is higher, the price of goods increases. However, when there is an increase in prices, the consumption rate reduces. There will be an increase in government revenue since some businesses will have a profit. Tariffs normally increase the prices of imported goods. This causes domestic producers not to reduce their prices from an increase in competition; hence consumers normally pay higher prices. Tariffs face protectionism. Tariffs can result in trade wars through disagreements among countries