Definition of terms with 4 points each
1 Proposition 20 (2010)
Refers to a California Congressional Redistricting Initiative.
Was developed to manage mainstream elections.
It defines the interest of the communities in all the 20 Districts.
Additionally, it is key in transferring authority through voting hence creating congregational districts.
2 Pan ethnicity
Refers to a group of various ethnic groups coming together based on race or beliefs
It was essential as it mainly focused on matters related to ethnic groups.
It appears more eminent and prominent in Asian American culture, focusing on religion and cultural beliefs and practices.
It is often misunderstood with race or ethnicity, where other scholars are tempted to focus more on race or skin color.
3 Duverger’s law
Duverger’s law holds that single-ballot plurality-rule elections.
It is well structured within single-member districts with two-party systems.
Offers favor to a two-party system where two parties do representation.
It is the most suitable and very convenient for countries with plurality voting.
4 Proposition 11 (2008)
Proposition 11 of 2008 was enacted by California voters to grant power to draw electoral boundaries
Besides, it helped in redistricting Commission,
Facilitated State Legislation.
- Party Image
This a concept developed by a political scientist for identification purposes
Discussion of the party’s changes is promptly addressed, and the right channels followed to ensure leadership effectiveness.
Party perceptions are determined and improved by selling better public relations “PR” stunts on the party image that help sell the party through its reputation.
- Proposition 140 (1990)
Refers to the document that was developed to help with the maintenance and management of legislators
Established the term limits for legislators
Set an annual cap on the total spending to support the Legislature’s operations
Finally, the cap changed annually based on growth in the state’s economy and population
7). Hiram Johnson
Refers to a progressive Isolationist Republican politician
he manage to serve as the 23rd Governor of California for seven years, where he reformed various sectors in the economy.
Served as the United States Senator for eight years
He was a liberalist and a politician from California who was determined to improve society.
8). Coattail Effect
This refers to a popular political party leader’s tendency to attract votes for other candidates of the same party in an election.
It is also known as the down-ballot effect
Supported unity within the party with attention to the improvement mechanism and success strategies.
9). Period Effect
being one of the most studied phases of the menstrual cycle is the premenstrual phase.
It was the period before menstruation in women where they faced many challenges as their bodies adjusted to the changes.
During this phase, women can experience body stiffness, headaches, and weight gain. Additionally, their psyche is equally affected, thereby influencing the individual’s mood.
10). Propositional 28 (2012)
It was mainly adopted to help in changing the California legislature term limits.
It was an initiative for a constitutional amendment to change California state legislative term limits.
It affected only legislators who were newly elected to the Assembly or Senate after the proposition passed.
Propositional 28 (2012) has done great miracles in ensuring that the term limits are properly managed, and efficient management protocols are followed to the later.