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Chapter Two Scientific Method
List the five steps of the scientific method, and give a brief description of each (put in list format).
- Observation – is the first step that forms the basis of the scientific experiment or research.
- Formulation of hypothesis – hypothesis is stated because it guides the study and state the expected outcome.
- The actual study – involves data collection.
- Data analysis and discussion – after the data is assembled, it is analyzed to interpret and make more understandable.
- Conclusion – at this step one can accept or reject the hypothesis
- Evaluation – the theory used is assessed
Find the mean of the following data: 16, 18, 19, 21, 23, 23, 27, 29, 29, 35
Find the mode of the following data: 15, 22, 17, 19, 22, 17, 29, 24, 17, 15
The mode is the most frequent term or number
Find the median of the following data: 47, 41, 52, 43, 56, 35, 49, 55, 42
Median is the centrally occurring value
Obtained by arranging data in ascending order then picking the central value
35, 41, 42, 43, 47, 49, 52, 55, 56
47 is the mode
Jacob is conducting a study on music and happiness. He determines that the more people listen to music (variable one), the happier they report being (variable two). Which of the following would be most likely to be the correlation coefficient for Jacob’s study?
-.56
.32
.00
-1.00
The answer must be more than 0 to indicate a positive correlation between listening to music and being happy. 0.32 is the correlation coefficient
In order to determine if music causes people to be happier, what would Jacob have to manipulate, and what two groups would he compare? (HINT! Look at your notes for experimental research and what groups are involved!)
The two groups are the experimental and control group. The hypothesized cause is manipulated by exposing the experimental group to music (independent variable) (Lecture Notes para 11). The control group is not manipulated. Therefore, the control group is not exposed to more music. The level of happiness is measured.
Work Cited
Lecture Notes. Chapter 2. Psychology’s scientific method (n.d)