Caritative Caring Nursing Theory
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Katie Eriksson developed the theory of Caritative caring. It is identified through tolerance, respect, vitality, dignity, and honesty. Two research studies have been based on this nursing theory; First, the study of intercultural caring from the perception of Immigrant new mothers (Rykkje, Eriksson, & Raholm2013). and the second, the study based on caring spirituality in old age and the implications of religion (Rykkje, Eriksson, & Raholm2013). Both studies show how the theory is defined and applied.
The research study of the theory is based on caring and spirituality in old age, and its significance is to extend the understanding of spirituality (Rykkje, Eriksson, & Raholm2013). In the research, fact-finding was undertaken where several interviews were conducted involving six men and eleven women aged 70 and above. The research applied the hermeneutics concept to conduct qualitative analysis and research interviews. The research interviews focused on the understanding of spirituality, dignity, and spiritual care. Moreover, human dignity is a key perception in the theory of Caritative Caring and understanding the importance of spirituality among the old population is a fundamental part of human dignity. (Rykkje, Eriksson, & Raholm2013). The hermeneutical ideology was frequently applied in establishing significant statements related to the theory and key concepts used in developing the theory. Sensitivity was applied when handling various topics and the interview question, which helped identify participants having both bad and good life experiences. Researchers applied hermeneutical reflection to understand the relationship between spirituality, religion, and care based on the caring science perspective.
The theoretical approach of Caritative caring was the beginning of establishing an intercultural caring model applied for this research—the key ideologies such as a sense of belonging at the core and feeling unique. Caring is fundamental in nursing and upholds wellbeing, health and relieves suffering and pain. The use of the baby-friendly philosophy and Family-based care also apply in medical facilities, which promoted individuality, self-care, and basic support to mothers. (Näsman, Y., 2020).
The empirical study of caring based on immigrant mothers was conducted using written questionnaires, interviews, and unstructured observations, with a data collection duration of over two and a half months from 2009 to 2010. (Silén &Johansson, L., 2016).) Interviews were conducted in several languages; English, Finnish, and Swedish, lasting from 28 to 58 minutes. Professional interpreters were also used in the research, whereby they were digitally transcribed and recorded. Fathers were also part of the interview. This study’s observations and findings allowed researchers to have a broad understanding of cultural beliefs and behavior. Fifteen mothers were part of the observations that lasted up to one hour. Thirty observations were evaluated in this study. (Silén,& Johansson, L. 2016). After the study, fact findings were analyzed. The conclusion was made that a broad understanding of intercultural caring facilitates prenatal and postnatal care globally and improves intercultural caring required in a multicultural world.
The Caritative caring theory has been applied as a theoretical background to conduct various studies in Europe. The research studies outlined have applied the Caritative caring theory because of its emphasis on tolerances, honesty, vitality, and Caritas. The studies conducted applied human interactions interviews, questionnaires, and observations to establish and give recommendations based on the conclusion. The objective of this study was to facilitate advanced care to patients. (Wolf & France, 2017)
Besides the Caritative caring theory, there is The Jean Watsons Theory of care. Jean Watson is a nurse Theorist who developed the theory of human caring. In her research, she observed the impact of reliable caring on parents and its health implications. Watson’s theories have been applied in nursing schools around the globe. In the study, she notes the lack of separation of caring from the healthcare environment. Also, he notes why nurses are attached to their profession; nurses are attracted to the human side of nursing and are positive about the positive impacts of health results.
Nurses are likely to encounter a morally destroying and frustrating healthcare workplace, experiencing anger, disrespect, and apathy. To handle such experiences, the Watson theory is very effective as cultivating caring in nursing encounters seems fundamental for ideal nurse peace of mind. Beliefs and values guide the theory, and nurses apply them as a lens to view their practice and create a conducive environment for nursing care. This theory’s application involves authenticity, loving-kindness, equanimity, which encourages cultivating a spiritual practice that develops. This allows nurses to engage in their own emotions in the caring relationship, not being bonded to new emotional and spiritual practices while handling both the physical and healthy wants of a patient.
In conclusion, both caring theories are better than the old practices of caring and understanding and facilitate a more emotional and open approach to patient care in healthcare experiences. Researchers have implied that when this theory handles patients, they benefit from the shared experience. Nurses are encouraged to handle patients both spiritually and authentically with their relatives to enable create a positive experience of the healthcare practices, as these theories are integrated into the nursing curriculum; nursing students can implement these theories in an early stage in their practices, creating a more genuine experience of nursing between them and their patients.
References
Rykkje, L. L., Eriksson, K., & Raholm, M. B. (2013). Spirituality and care in old age and the significance of religion–a hermeneutical study from Norway. Scandinavian journal of caring sciences, 27(2), 275-284.
Näsman, Y. (2020). The theory of caritative caring: Katie Eriksson’s theory of caritative caring presented from a human science perspective. Nursing Philosophy, 21(4), e12321.
Silén, M., & Johansson, L. (2016). Aims and theoretical frameworks in nursing students bachelor’s theses in Sweden: A descriptive study. Nurse education today, 37, 91-96.
Wolf, Z., R., & France, N. E. (2017). Caring in nursing theory. International Journal of Human Caring, 21(2), 95-108
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