Question 3 Order 777392
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Question 3 Order 777392
The independent variable is one that does not change over time. It is a variable whose variation does not depend on that of another (Flannelly, Flannelly, & Jankowski, 2014). Thus, the independent variable in this experiment is the subliminal perception given to all the participants or subjects in the experiment. On the other hand, the dependent variable is one that changes with time and is influenced by another variable. In the research, the dependent variable is the thirst. The subliminal messages varied depending on the kind of movie each group watched. It was found out that those who saw subliminal messages drunk more ice water
Confounding variables are variables that have an effect on your dependent variable. It should be noted that confounding variables can cause significant problems in the experiment leading to an increase in variance and bias (Flannelly, Flannelly, & Jankowski, 2014). They occur like extra independent variables that influence the dependent variables indirectly. In this experiment, the confounding variable is ice water.
We can remove the state of confusion by arguing that ice water is there from before, and its use has no direct correction between the subliminal perception and thirst.
In the design, it is not clear whether the independent groups or repeated measures were used. Therefore, such a model may not be used to draw inferences or to conclude over a large population group. Besides, the conclusion that subliminal messages do influence behavior should have been based on a repeated experiment. The researcher repeated a message that was not consciously noticeable, and this can be considered a confounding variable. Therefore, one can conclude that the design does not amount to scientific inquiry design, and hence generalization is not applicable.
Reference
Flannelly, L. T., Flannelly, K. J., & Jankowski, K. R. (2014). Independent, dependent, and other variables in healthcare and chaplaincy research. Journal of health care chaplaincy, 20(4), 161-170.