Research Question and Research Gap on E-Cigarettes
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Research Question and Research Gap on E-Cigarettes
Introduction
Electronic cigarettes have become more common among all the generations. Electronic cigarettes elements are heated in the solution vaporized and then given to the users for inhalation. The solution in electronic cigarettes contains elements such as propylene glycol and flavouring agents.
What are the available products, and what is the market for them?
Products differ extensively in the ease with which they can be altered and the simplicity with which they can be completed with constituents other than nicotine solutions. Besides, some users change these products at home to alter the delivery of nicotine and other drugs (Syberfeldt et al. 2017). Due to the way the devices are used can affect the absorption of the nicotine. Factors associated with nicotine absorption include:
- Frequency of use
- Depth of inhalation
- The length of puffs.
The market appears to be thriving. In 2014 it was estimated that 466 brands and in 2013, 3 billion U.S dollars were used on electronic nicotine delivery system in the national wide. Sales are predicted to escalate by a factor of 17 by 2030.
Are there health risks associated with electronic nicotine delivery system?
The major health threat from nicotine exposure is the overdose of nicotine by either ingestion or through dermal contact. Still, there are no clear incidences caused by poor handling of a concentrated solution because many countries do not monitor these incidents. Inhalations of aerosols gotten from the electronic nicotine delivery system have some health effects. For example, when eyes and lungs are exposed to propylene glycol, they can get irritated (Kaisar et al. 2016)
Is an electronic nicotine delivery system an effective way to stop smoking and get rid of nicotine dependence?
Some reports show that some users of an electronic nicotine delivery system have stopped smoking using these products; thus, their efficiency has not yet been evaluated methodically. Few studies have proved that the usage of an electronic nicotine delivery system is an effective way of leaving tobacco smoking. The use of electronic nicotine delivery system will help those who smoke cigarettes to stop, but it is more likely to help in reducing the number of those who smoke cigarettes even if it is not stopping completely (Darville et al. 2019)
Have these substitutes an impact on existing tobacco use reduction efforts?
The current study statistics from a handful of countries show that the usage of an electronic nicotine delivery system is increasing speedily amongst teenagers. This should be taken with a great concern even if most young people who smoke also use electronic nicotine delivery system (Jun et al. 2019)
Reference
Buchting, F. O., Emory, K. T., Kim, Y., Fagan, P., Vera, L. E., & Emery, S. (2017). Transgender use of cigarettes, cigars, and e-cigarettes in a national study. American journal of preventive medicine, 53(1), e1-e7.
Darville, A., & Hahn, E. J. (2019). E-Cigarettes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: what clinicians and researchers need to know. Current atherosclerosis reports, 21(5), 15.
Jun, J., Kim, S. H., & Wu, L. (2019). Tobacco risk information and comparative risk assessment of e-cigarettes vs. cigarettes: Application of the reinforcing spirals model. Journal of health communication, 24(4), 422-431.
Kaisar, M. A., Prasad, S., Liles, T., & Cucullo, L. (2016). A decade of e-cigarettes: limited research & unresolved safety concerns. Toxicology, 365, 67-75.
Persoskie, A., O’Brien, E. K., Nguyen, A. B., & Tworek, C. (2017). Measuring youth beliefs about the harms of e-cigarettes and smokeless tobacco compared to cigarettes. Addictive behaviors, 70, 7-13.
Syberfeldt, A., Danielsson, O., & Gustavsson, P. (2017). Augmented reality smart glasses in the smart factory: Product evaluation guidelines and review of available products. Ieee Access, 5, 9118-9130.